Which regulation governs hazmat transport by air?

• A. OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
• B. 49 CFR Parts 171-180
• C. NFPA 704 guidelines
• D. IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR), with ICAO TI as applicable.

Answer: (D)

Air hazmat transport follows a framework built specifically for aviation because airplanes pose different risks than ground or storage. The standard most carriers use worldwide is the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, which implement the ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air. The ICAO Technical Instructions set the baseline rules, and the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations translate those rules into practical requirements for classification, packaging, labeling, documentation, handling, and training that shippers and airlines follow across borders. OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard focuses on how chemicals are described and labeled in the workplace, not how they’re shipped. The U.S. regulations in 49 CFR Parts 171-180 cover hazmat rules for transportation in commerce, including some air movements, but they’re primarily a domestic framework and don’t replace the international air-specific guidance provided by IATA DGR and ICAO TI. NFPA 704 is a facility hazard-rating system, not a transport regulation.